Latest Papers & Articles
To request a copy of any paper or article, click on the Request links below. A .pdf copy will be emailed to you.
| Project Contracting Strategies: Evaluating Project Costs, Risks, and Staffing Requirements |
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| Power Engineering Magazine March 2011 |
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Presents a case study of a contracting strategies evaluation prepared for utility's potential flue gas desulfurization (FGD) project. Discusses the comparative assessment of advantages and risks for three alternate contracting approaches for the project. Focuses on relative impact of each strategy on costs, risks, and owner staffing requirements. |
| Wet Scrubbing for PRB Units as a Sensible Approach to the Future |
| Coal-Gen 2010 |
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Reviews the conventional wisdom for selecting wet FGD for plants burning high-sulfur coal and spray dry FGD for those burning low-sulfur coal. Discusses recent and potential regulatory requirements for stacks, hazardous air pollutants (HAP), the MACT rule, and water discharge limitations that will challenge this wisdom. Explores how selection parameters, such as degree of achievable scrubbing, by-product utilization, water usage, co-benefits for HAPS capture, system layout, and capital and O&M costs, can be influenced by the type of FGD selected and shows why wet FGD can make sense for plants burning Powder River Basin (PRB) coal. |
| Particulate Control for Industrial Applications |
| ICAC/LADCO Symposium on Emission Control & Measurement Technology for Industrial Sources |
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Covers Industrial MACT requirements for particulate matter/total selected metals, hydrogen chloride, and mercury emissions. Reviews the typical PM control devices used on industrial boilers and how many existing controls are not able to meet MACT (Maximum Achievable Control Technology). Details which installed control technologies have the potential for upgrading to meet PM removal efficiency requirements. A copy of the presentation only is available. |
| Evolution of ACI System Design Through Lessons Learned |
| Electric Power 2010 |
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Shares lessons learned on activated carbon injection (ACI) systems for mercury control drawn from numerous Sargent & Lundy projects designed for a variety of fuels at various injection locations such as before an electrostatic precipitator (ESP), baghouse (full-scale or compact), and before the air preheater. Reviews potential problems associated with commissioning and operation of the system as well as results from performance testing including the effects of powered activated carbon on opacity and particulate matter emissions. A copy of the presentation only is available. |
| Advanced Integration Concept for Carbon Capture and Storage |
| Power-Gen 2010 |
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Describes the NRG/DOE demonstration project for carbon capture and storage (CCS) and outlines the concepts that when implemented at a full commercial scale of 650 MW can provide a significant reduction in the cost per ton of CO2 removal and a smaller impact on the increased levelized cost of electricity when compared to previous DOE studies. The U.S. DOE selected a proposal submitted by NRG Energy for a 60- MW CCS project at its W.A. Parish Plant to demonstrate that CCS with advanced integration concepts can be installed on an existing power plant without degrading plant operation and can even improve the plant performance. |
| Power Plant Design Optimization for Power / Cogeneration Applications |
| Power-Gen 2010 |
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Discusses methodology used to identify the best-suited cogeneration plant architecture for a cogeneration plant to supply an oil sands extraction process. Reviews criteria used in the optimization phase, including ability to meet steam & power demands of the mine during all operating modes and season, availability goals, minimization of capital and operating costs, low emissions, CO2 capture methods, operable in extreme ambient temperatures from –50°C to 35°C, and able to support extraction plant operation of two trains, single train, and standby mode to prevent freeze-up. A copy of the presentation only is available. |
| Fayette Power Project Unit 3 FGD Upgrade: Design and Performance for More Cost-Effective SO2 Reduction |
| Power Plant Air Pollutant Control "MEGA" Symposium 2010 |
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Presents details of design modifications as well as actual performance data comparing the original installation and the modified installation. The original wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) system design was to reduce SO2 by approximately 90% across the absorbers while burning high-sulfur Texas lignite and bypassing up to 20% of the flue gas. In the future, the station will require 95.5% SO2 capture without flue gas bypass while firing 1% sulfur Powder River Basin (PRB) coal. |
| Use of Hydrocarbon Emulsions as Both a Primary Fuel to Improve Boiler Combustion and for Use as an Amine Enhanced Hydrocarbon Emulsion Reburn Fuel to Reduce NOx Emissions |
| Power Plant Air Pollutant Control "MEGA" Symposium 2010 |
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Presents demonstration scale test results of a 70-80% by volume oil in water emulsion fuel that has low viscosity and is stable versus burning number 6 fuel oil. Discusses advantages and disadvantages. Hydrocarbon fuels tested included both neat and emulsion residual fuel and a vacuum residue emulsion. Also presents preliminary pilot scale test results of the process that creates a localized reducing SNCR-type environment by injecting an amine containing hydrocarbon emulsion into the flue gas down stream of the primary flame zone. |
| Design Methodology and Valve Sizing for Heater Drain Systems |
| Energy-Tech Magazine August 2010 |
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Reviews the complexity of designing heater drain systems in fossil and nuclear power plants due to the occurrence of two-phase flow phenomena. Discusses proper sizing and design of the piping and control valves. Presents the options, methods, and industry experience that have been applied for the design of heater drain systems to provide suitable overall system performance. |
| Construction Quality Control - Lessons Learned |
| Windpower 2010 |
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Shares insight into how careful attention to potential wind farm construction pitfalls during the project engineering phases can improve the construction process and deliver higher quality final results. Highlights several crucial facets of engineering a wind farm project and its interconnection to the grid, including owner technical requirements, technical requirements of the interconnect utility, phasing, SCADA/Communications/Telephony, and interfaces. A copy of the presentation only is available. |